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Abstract

This study examines the role of stimuli in narrative texts, drawing on the theoretical concepts of Russian formalist Tomashevski. Hamid Lahmidani analyzes the "stimulus" as a minor significative unit and demonstrates how these units form semantic relationships that contribute to the overall meaning of a narrative. The study concludes that realistic instigating is not limited to explicit references but can also be conveyed through symbolic or mythological means to build dramatic dimensions

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